Study

Here you can study for the exam. Look up keywords and learn definitions about all kind of subjects.

Adam Price

Adam Robert Price (born 23 September 1968) is a Welsh politician who served as Leader of Plaid Cymru from 2018 to 2023. He has been the Member of the Senedd (MS) for Carmarthen East and Dinefwr since 2016, having previously been a Member of Parliament (MP) for the same Westminster constituency from 2001 to 2010. Price was born in Carmarthen and grew up in Tycroes. His father, Rufus, was a miner at Betws Colliery. His parents were Welsh speakers, but raised their children to speak English; Price was taught Welsh as a teenager by his brother Adrian. His parents were active in politics, starting a branch of Plaid Cymru in Ammanford, Carmarthenshire. He went to Ysgol Dyffryn Aman in Ammanford. He later studied at Cardiff University, gaining a BA in European Community studies in 1991. He also studied at Saarland University in Saarbrücken in Germany. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Alan Johnson

Alan Arthur Johnson (born 17 May 1950) is a British politician who served as Secretary of State for Education and Skills from 2006 to 2007, Secretary of State for Health from 2007 to 2009, Home Secretary from 2009 to 2010, and Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer from 2010 to 2011. A member of the Labour Party, he was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Kingston upon Hull West and Hessle from 1997 to 2017. Johnson served in the Cabinet during both the Tony Blair government and that of Gordon Brown. He served under Blair as Minister of State for Universities from 2003 to 2004, as Secretary of State for Work and Pensions from 2004 to 2005, and as President of the Board of Trade from 2005 to 2006. In May 2023, Johnson was announced as the next Chancellor of the University of Hull. He will succeed Virginia Bottomley in July. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Alex Salmond

Alexander Elliot Anderson Salmond (/ˈsæmənd/; born 31 December 1954) is a Scottish politician and economist who served as First Minister of Scotland from 2007 to 2014. A prominent figure in the Scottish nationalist movement, he has served as Leader of the Alba Party since 2021. Salmond was leader of the Scottish National Party (SNP), on two occasions, from 1990 to 2000 and from 2004 to 2014. He served as the party's depute leader from 1987 to 1990. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Alison McGovern

Alison McGovern (born 30 December 1980) is a British politician who has served as Shadow Minister for Employment since 2021. A member of the Labour Party, she has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Wirral South since 2010. The granddaughter of songwriter and activist Peter McGovern, she was born in Clatterbridge, Merseyside, the daughter of a British Railways telecoms engineer father and a mother who was a nurse. She was educated at Brookhurst Primary School, and then Wirral Grammar School for Girls, where she was the Head Girl from 1998 to 1999. She then studied Philosophy at University College London. On graduation, she worked as a researcher at the House of Commons, before handling communications for development projects at Network Rail, then working for the Art Fund and Creativity, Culture and Education. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Alistair Darling

Alistair Maclean Darling, Baron Darling of Roulanish, PC (born 28 November 1953) is a British politician who served as Chancellor of the Exchequer under Prime Minister Gordon Brown from 2007 to 2010. A member of the Labour Party, he was a Member of Parliament (MP) from 1987 until he stepped down in 2015, most recently for Edinburgh South West. Darling was first appointed as Chief Secretary to the Treasury by Prime Minister Tony Blair in 1997, and was promoted to Secretary of State for Work and Pensions in 1998. After spending four years at that department, he spent a further four years as Secretary of State for Transport, while also becoming Secretary of State for Scotland in 2003. Blair moved Darling for a final time in 2006, making him President of the Board of Trade and Secretary of State for Trade and Industry, before new Prime Minister Gordon Brown promoted Darling to replace himself as Chancellor of the Exchequer in 2007, a position he remained in until 2010. He served as Chancellor during the financial crisis of 2007–2008 and the Great Recession. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Alok Sharma

Sir Alok Kumar Sharma KCMG (born 7 September 1967) is a British politician who served as President for COP26 from 2021 to 2022, having previously served as Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy from 2020 to 2021. Sharma has been Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) for Reading West since 2010. Sharma served in Theresa May's government as Minister of State for Housing from 2017 to 2018 and as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Employment from 2018 to 2019. In 2019, he was appointed to Boris Johnson's cabinet as Secretary of State for International Development. In the 2020 cabinet reshuffle he was promoted to being Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, an office in which he served until 2021. Sharma was President of the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26) and negotiated the Glasgow Climate Pact. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Amanda Milling

Dame Amanda Anne Milling DBE (born 12 March 1975) is a British politician serving as Member of Parliament (MP) for Cannock Chase since the 2015 general election. She served as Minister without Portfolio in the UK cabinet and, alongside Ben Elliot, as Co-Chairman of the Conservative Party from February 2020 to September 2021. She also served as Minister of State for Asia and the Middle East from September 2021 to September 2022. She previously worked in market research. Milling lives at Rugeley in her constituency. Milling was born on 12 March 1975 in Burton upon Trent, Staffordshire, England. She was privately educated at Moreton Hall School, and studied economics and statistics at University College London, graduating in 1997. Milling joined the Conservative Party while at university. Following university, Milling joined market research firm SW1 Research. She left the company in 1999 to join Quaestor where she eventually became a director. Milling then worked as head of clients for Optimisa Research between 2010 and 2014. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Amber Rudd

Amber Augusta Rudd (born 1 August 1963) is a British former politician who served as Home Secretary from 2016 to 2018 and Secretary of State for Work and Pensions from 2018 to 2019. She was a Member of Parliament (MP) for Hastings and Rye, first elected in 2010, representing the Conservative Party, and stood down from parliament in 2019. She identifies herself as a one-nation conservative, and has been associated with both socially liberal and economically liberal policies. Rudd was born in Marylebone and studied history at the University of Edinburgh School of History, Classics and Archaeology. Rudd worked as an investment banker before being elected to the House of Commons for Hastings and Rye in East Sussex in 2010, defeating incumbent Labour MP Michael Foster. Rudd served in the Cabinet as Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change from 2015 to 2016 in the Cameron Government, where she worked on renewable energy resources and climate change mitigation. She previously served as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State at the Department for Energy and Climate Change from 2014 to 2015. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Anas Sarwar

Anas Sarwar (born 14 March 1983) is a Scottish politician who has served as leader of the Scottish Labour Party since 2021. He has been a Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the Glasgow region since 2016. He served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Glasgow Central from 2010 to 2015. During his time in the House of Commons, he served as deputy leader of the Scottish Labour Party from 2011 to 2014. Sarwar lost his seat to the Scottish National Party (SNP) at the 2015 general election. He was elected at the 2016 Scottish Parliament election on the Glasgow regional list. He unsuccessfully contested the 2017 Scottish Labour leadership election, but was elected as leader of the Scottish Labour Party in the party's 2021 leadership election and led Scottish Labour into the 2021 Scottish Parliament election. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Andrea Leadsom

Dame Andrea Jacqueline Leadsom DBE (/ˈlɛdsəm/; née Salmon; born 13 May 1963) is a British politician serving as Member of Parliament (MP) for South Northamptonshire since 2010. A member of the Conservative Party, she served as Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs from 2016 to 2017, Leader of the House of Commons from 2017 to 2019 and Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy from 2019 to 2020. Leadsom has twice run to become Leader of the Conservative Party, in 2016 and 2019. Leadsom was born in Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire in 1963. After graduating with a degree in political science at the University of Warwick, she began a career in finance including working as Institutional Banking Director at Barclays, and later as Senior Investment Officer and Head of Corporate Governance at Invesco Perpetual. She was elected to the House of Commons at the 2010 general election. She served as Economic Secretary to the Treasury and City Minister from 2014 to 2015 and Minister of State for Energy from 2015 to 2016. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Andy Burnham

Andrew Murray Burnham (born 7 January 1970) is a British politician who has served as Mayor of Greater Manchester since 2017. He served in Gordon Brown's Cabinet as Chief Secretary to the Treasury from 2007 to 2008, Culture Secretary from 2008 to 2009 and Health Secretary from 2009 to 2010. A member of the Labour Party, Burnham identifies as a socialist and as belonging to the party's soft left. He served as Shadow Home Secretary from 2015 to 2016 and was Member of Parliament (MP) for Leigh from 2001 to 2017. Born in the Old Roan area of Aintree, Burnham was educated at St Aelred's Catholic High School in Newton-le-Willows and graduated with a degree in English from Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge. He worked as a researcher for Tessa Jowell from 1994 to 1997, then worked for the NHS Confederation in 1997 and as an administrator for the Football Task Force in 1998. He was a special adviser to Culture Secretary Chris Smith from 1998 to 2001. Following the retirement of Lawrence Cunliffe, the Labour MP for Leigh, Burnham was elected to succeed him in 2001. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Andy McDonald

Andrew Joseph McDonald (born 8 March 1958) is a British Labour politician and solicitor who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Middlesbrough since 2012. He served as Shadow Secretary of State for Employment Rights and Protections in Keir Starmer's Shadow Cabinet between 2020 and 2021. Previously, he served as Shadow Secretary of State for Transport in Jeremy Corbyn's Shadow Cabinet from 2016 to 2020. Andy McDonald was born in the Acklam area of Middlesbrough, in the North Riding of Yorkshire. He was educated at a number of local schools, including St. Francis Primary School, St. Edward's Primary School and St. George's Secondary School (which later became Trinity Catholic College, Middlesbrough). He attended St. Mary's Sixth Form College before studying a degree in law at Leeds Polytechnic. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Andy Street

Andrew John Street CBE (born 11 June 1963) is a British businessman and Conservative Party politician who was the managing director of John Lewis from 2007 to 2016, when he resigned to run for Mayor of the West Midlands. Street won the May 2017 mayoral election, defeating Siôn Simon with 50.4% of the vote in the second round. He was re-elected in 2021, defeating Labour candidate Liam Byrne. He is Britain's first openly gay directly-elected metro mayor. After graduating, Street harboured ambitions to be a social worker, but he was turned down by Birmingham City Council. He was also turned down for the Marks & Spencer training scheme. Street thus started his career at the John Lewis Partnership in 1985 as a trainee at Brent Cross. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Angela Eagle

Dame Angela Eagle DBE (born 17 February 1961) is a British Labour Party politician serving as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Wallasey since 1992. Eagle was born in Yorkshire and studied PPE at the University of Oxford, before working for the CBI and then a trade union. Eagle served as the Minister of State for Pensions and Ageing Society from June 2009 until May 2010. Eagle was elected to the Shadow Cabinet in October 2010 and was appointed by Ed Miliband to be Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury. In October 2011, she was appointed Shadow Leader of the House of Commons when Miliband reshuffled his Shadow Cabinet. She was appointed as both Shadow First Secretary of State and Shadow Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills in September 2015 in Jeremy Corbyn's first Shadow Cabinet. She resigned from the Shadow Cabinet in June 2016. Eagle announced a leadership challenge to Labour Party leader Jeremy Corbyn on 11 July 2016, but eight days later she withdrew leaving Owen Smith to challenge Corbyn for the leadership. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Angela Rayner

Angela Rayner (née Bowen; born 28 March 1980) is a British politician serving as Deputy Leader of the Labour Party, Deputy Leader of the Opposition and Shadow First Secretary of State since 2020. She has also been Shadow Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, Shadow Minister for the Cabinet Office and Shadow Secretary of State for the Future of Work since 2021. Rayner has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Ashton-under-Lyne since 2015. She ideologically identifies as a socialist and as being part of Labour's soft left. Rayner was born and raised in Stockport, where she attended the state secondary Avondale School. She left school aged 16 whilst pregnant and without any qualifications. She later trained in social care at Stockport College and worked for the local council as a care worker. She eventually became a trade union representative within Unison, during which time she joined the Labour Party. Selected to contest Ashton‑under‑Lyne in 2014 and elected for the seat at the 2015 general election, she was appointed Shadow Minister for Pensions by Jeremy Corbyn in January 2016. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Ann Coffey

Margaret Ann Coffey (née Brown; born 31 August 1946) is a housewife and former British politician who was Member of Parliament (MP) for Stockport from 1992 to 2019. A former member of the Labour Party, she defected to form Change UK. Coffey resigned from the Labour Party in 2019 in protest at the leadership of Jeremy Corbyn and, with six others, formed Change UK. As of November 2019, Coffey is no longer a Member of Parliament. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Anna Soubry

Anna Mary Soubry PC (/ˈsuːbri/; born 7 December 1956) is a British barrister, journalist and former politician who was Member of Parliament (MP) for Broxtowe from 2010 to 2019. Known for her support of pro-European policies, she was originally elected as a Conservative but left the party to join Change UK in 2019. Born in Lincoln, Soubry was raised in Nottinghamshire and read law at the University of Birmingham. She was the sole Conservative Party member of the National Union of Students' executive committee while at university but left the Conservatives after graduating and endorsed the Social Democratic Party, although she did not join the new party. After working as a journalist and presenter in regional and network television, she was called to the bar in 1995 and began to practise as a criminal barrister. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Anne Milton

Anne Frances Milton (née Turner; born 3 November 1955) is a former British politician and lobbyist who served as Minister of State for Skills and Apprenticeships from 2017 to 2019. She was Member of Parliament (MP) for Guildford from 2005 to 2019. Elected as a Conservative, she had the whip removed in September 2019 and subsequently sat as an independent politician. Anne Frances Turner was born on 3 November 1955 in Sussex, England to Patrick and Nesta Turner. She attended Haywards Heath Grammar School in West Sussex. She trained as a nurse at St Bartholomew's Hospital in London and obtained a diploma in district nursing from the London South Bank University. Milton worked for the NHS for 25 years as a nurse which included working in primary care, research and supporting palliative care nurses. During the 1980s, she was a shop steward for the Royal College of Nursing. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Anne-Marie Trevelyan

Anne-Marie Belinda Trevelyan (née Beaton; born 6 April 1969) is a British politician serving as Minister of State for Indo-Pacific under Rishi Sunak since October 2022. A member of the Conservative Party, she has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Berwick-upon-Tweed since 2015. She previously served in the Cabinets of Boris Johnson and Liz Truss. Trevelyan served in the cabinet as Secretary of State for International Development from February to September 2020, Secretary of State for International Trade and President of the Board of Trade from 2021 to 2022, and Secretary of State for Transport from September to October 2022. As well as serving in Secretary of State positions, Trevelyan has also served in the junior minister positions of Minister of State for Business, Energy and Clean Growth in 2021, Minister of State for the Armed Forces between 2019 and 2020, and Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Defence Procurement in 2019. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Arlene Foster

Arlene Isobel Foster, Baroness Foster of Aghadrumsee DBE, PC (née Kelly; born 17 July 1970), is a British broadcaster and former politician from Northern Ireland who served as First Minister of Northern Ireland from 2016 to 2017 and from 2020 to 2021 and as Leader of the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) from 2015 to 2021. She was the first woman to hold either position. Foster is a Member of the House of Lords, having previously been a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Fermanagh and South Tyrone from 2003 to 2021. Foster served in the Northern Ireland Executive as Minister of the Environment from 2007 to 2008, Minister for Enterprise and Investment from 2008 to 2015 and Minister for Finance and Personnel from 2015 to 2016. In December 2015, Foster was elected unopposed to succeed Peter Robinson as leader of the DUP. In January 2016, Foster became First Minister of Northern Ireland and shared power with Martin McGuinness. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Barry Gardiner

Barry Strachan Gardiner (born 10 March 1957) is a British politician who served as Shadow Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change and Shadow Secretary of State for International Trade from 2016 to 2020. A member of the Labour Party, he has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Brent North since 1997. The son of an Olympic footballer, Gardiner was born and educated in Glasgow before being moved to Hertfordshire to be educated at Haileybury and Imperial Service College. After studying at the University of St Andrews, he worked in the Student Christian Movement and considered a career in the Episcopal Church. He then studied philosophy at Harvard University and researched the subject at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. He became involved in local government in Cambridge and was the youngest person to be elected mayor of the city in 1992. Leaving local government in 1994, he worked in marine arbitration before being elected for Brent North at the 1997 general election. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Ben Wallace

Robert Ben Lobban Wallace (born 15 May 1970) is a British politician and former British Army Officer who has served as Secretary of State for Defence since 2019. A member of the Conservative Party, he has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Wyre and Preston North, formerly Lancaster and Wyre, since 2005. Before becoming involved in politics, Wallace was a captain in the Scots Guards. He was elected in 1999 as a Conservative list Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for North East Scotland, serving until 2003. He subsequently resigned from the Scottish Parliament, moved to Lancashire and sought selection for a Westminster constituency in England. First elected to the UK Parliament in 2005, Wallace served as a backbencher for nearly five years. From 2010 to 2014, he was Parliamentary Private Secretary to the then Secretary of State for Justice, Ken Clarke. Wallace served as a party whip from July 2014 to May 2015. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Boris Johnson

Alexander Boris de Pfeffel Johnson (/ˈfɛfəl/, born 19 June 1964) is a British politician and writer who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and Leader of the Conservative Party from 2019 to 2022. He previously served as Foreign Secretary from 2016 to 2018 and as Mayor of London from 2008 to 2016. He was Member of Parliament (MP) for Uxbridge and South Ruislip from 2015 to 2023, having previously been MP for Henley from 2001 to 2008. Johnson attended Eton College, and studied Classics at Balliol College, Oxford. He was elected president of the Oxford Union in 1986. In 1989, he became the Brussels correspondent – and later political columnist – for The Daily Telegraph, and from 1999 to 2005 he was the editor of The Spectator. Following his election to Parliament in 2001, he became a member of the shadow cabinets of Michael Howard and later David Cameron. In 2008, Johnson was elected Mayor of London and resigned from the House of Commons. He was re-elected mayor in 2012. At the 2015 general election he was elected MP for Uxbridge and South Ruislip, and the following year did not seek re-election as mayor. Johnson was a prominent figure in the successful Vote Leave campaign for Brexit in the 2016 European Union membership referendum. After the referendum, Prime Minister Theresa May appointed him foreign secretary in her cabinet. He resigned from the position in 2018 in protest at both the Chequers Agreement and May's approach to Brexit. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Brandon Lewis

Sir Brandon Kenneth Lewis CBE (born 20 June 1971) is a British politician who served as Secretary of State for Justice and Lord Chancellor from September to October 2022. He previously served as Chairman of the Conservative Party from 2018 to 2019 and Secretary of State for Northern Ireland from 2020 to 2022. A member of the Conservative Party, he has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Great Yarmouth since 2010. Born in Harold Wood, London, Lewis attended the independent Forest School. He studied economics at the University of Buckingham, switching to King's College London for his master's degree. He then began a career as a barrister. He was a councillor on Brentwood Borough Council from 1998 to 2009 and served as leader of the council from 2004 to 2009. He was elected for Great Yarmouth at the 2010 general election. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Bridget Phillipson

Bridget Maeve Phillipson (born 19 December 1983) is a British Labour Party politician who has been the Member of Parliament for Houghton and Sunderland South since 2010. She was appointed Shadow Secretary of State for Education in the Shadow Cabinet of Keir Starmer in 2021. Prior to this, she served as Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury from 2020 to 2021. Phillipson's seat of Houghton and Sunderland South is the fourth most marginal seat held by Labour in the north east, after Wansbeck, Stockton North and Sunderland Central. Bridget Maeve Phillipson was born on 19 December 1983 in Gateshead, Tyne and Wear. She is the daughter of Clare Phillipson, who founded Wearside Women in Need, a charity based in Sunderland which provides refuge for women affected by domestic violence. As a child she attended St Robert of Newminster Catholic School in Washington. She went on to read Modern History at the University of Oxford's Hertford College, from which she graduated in 2005. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Caroline Dinenage

Dame Caroline Julia Dinenage, DBE (born 28 October 1971) is a British Conservative Party politician who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Gosport since 2010. She was re-elected in 2015, 2017, and 2019. Dinenage served as a minister from May 2015 until September 2021 in six different government departments, under three successive prime ministers as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State at the Government Equalities Office, Ministry of Justice, Department for Education and Department for Work and Pensions. In January 2018 Minister of State at the Department of Health and Social Care, and in February 2020 at the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport.[citation needed] Dinenage was appointed Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) in the 2022 Political Honours. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Caroline Flint

Caroline Louise Flint (born 20 September 1961) is a British politician who served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Don Valley from 1997 to 2019. A member of the Labour Party, she attended the Cabinet as Minister for Housing and Planning in 2008 and Minister for Europe from 2008 to 2009. One of 101 female Labour MPs elected at the 1997 general election, Flint served in the government of Tony Blair as a junior Home Office Minister from 2003 to 2005 and Public Health Minister from 2005 to 2007. She remained in government under Gordon Brown as both Employment Minister and a Regional Minister from 2007 until 2008, when she was promoted to the Cabinet. She resigned in 2009, citing disagreement with the leadership of the Prime Minister. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Caroline Lucas

Caroline Patricia Lucas (born 9 December 1960) is a British politician who has twice led the Green Party of England and Wales and has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Brighton Pavilion since the 2010 general election. She was re-elected in the 2015, 2017 and 2019 general elections, increasing her majority each time. Born in Malvern in Worcestershire, Lucas graduated from the University of Exeter and the University of Kansas before receiving a PhD from the University of Exeter in 1989. She joined the Green Party in 1986 and held various party roles, also serving on Oxfordshire County Council from 1993 to 1997. She was elected as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for South East England in 1999 and re-elected in 2004 and 2009, also serving as the party's female Principal Speaker from 2003 to 2006 and from 2007 to 2008. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Caroline Nokes

Caroline Fiona Ellen Nokes (née Perry; born 26 June 1972) is a British Conservative Party politician. She was first elected as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Romsey and Southampton North in Hampshire in the 2010 general election. Elected as a Conservative, Nokes had the Conservative whip removed on 3 September 2019 and sat as an independent politician until the whip was restored to her on 29 October. From 2014 to 2015 she was a Parliamentary Private Secretary to Mark Harper at the Department for Work and Pensions. Nokes served in Theresa May's government as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Welfare Delivery at the Department for Work and Pensions from 2016 to 2017, Parliamentary Secretary for the Cabinet Office from 2017 to 2018, and as Minister of State for Immigration at the Home Office from January 2018 to July 2019. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Chloe Smith

Chloe Rebecca Smith (born 17 May 1982) is a British politician who has served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Norwich North since 2009. A member of the Conservative Party, she previously served as Secretary of State for Work and Pensions from September to October 2022 and Secretary of State for Science, Innovation and Technology from April 2023 to July 2023. Smith was elected in a 2009 by-election following the resignation of Labour MP Ian Gibson after the MPs' expenses scandal. Smith held a number of junior ministerial roles under David Cameron and Theresa May, serving two terms as Parliamentary Secretary for the Constitution. She continued to serve in the latter role after Boris Johnson's victory in the 2019 Conservative Party leadership election. In the February 2020 reshuffle, she was promoted to Minister of State during the second Johnson ministry. In the 2021 reshuffle, she was appointed by Johnson as Minister of State at the Department for Work and Pensions. After Johnson resigned in 2022, Smith supported Liz Truss’s bid to become Conservative leader. Following Truss's appointment as Prime Minister, she appointed Smith as Secretary of State for Work and Pensions. She was later temporarily Secretary of State for Science, Innovation and Technology. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Chris Bryant

Sir Christopher John Bryant (born 11 January 1962) is a British politician and former Anglican priest who is the chair of the Committees on Standards and Privileges. He previously served in government as Deputy Leader of the House of Commons from 2008 to 2009 and Under-Secretary of State for Europe and Asia from 2009 to 2010. A member of the Labour Party, he has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Rhondda since 2001. Born in Cardiff, Bryant was privately educated at Cheltenham College before studying English at Mansfield College, Oxford. After graduating with a further degree in theology, he worked as a Church of England priest as well as having roles at the BBC and Common Purpose. He was elected for Rhondda at the 2001 general election. He served in the Shadow Cabinet as Shadow Culture Secretary in 2015 and Shadow Leader of the House of Commons from 2015 to 2016, before resigning in protest at Jeremy Corbyn's leadership. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Chris Grayling

Christopher Stephen Grayling (born 1 April 1962) is a British Conservative Party politician and author who served as Secretary of State for Transport from 2016 to 2019. He has served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Epsom and Ewell since 2001. Grayling previously worked in the television and film industry. Grayling was born in London and studied History at Cambridge University. He wrote a number of books as well as working for the BBC and Channel 4 before going into politics. A member of the Social Democratic Party until 1988, he then joined the Conservatives. First elected to Parliament in the 2001 general election for Epsom and Ewell, he was appointed to the Shadow Cabinet of David Cameron in 2005 as Shadow Secretary of State for Transport. In 2007, he became the Shadow Secretary of State for Work and Pensions, and in 2009 he was appointed Shadow Home Secretary. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Chris Patten

Christopher Francis Patten, Baron Patten of Barnes, KG, CH, PC (Chinese: 彭定康; born 12 May 1944) is a British politician who was the 28th and last Governor of Hong Kong from 1992 to 1997 and Chairman of the Conservative Party from 1990 to 1992. He was made a life peer in 2005 and has been Chancellor of the University of Oxford since 2003. He is one of the two living former governors of Hong Kong. The other is David Wilson, Baron Wilson of Tillyorn. Raised in west London, Patten studied history at Balliol College, Oxford. Shortly after graduating in 1965, he began working for the Conservative Party. Patten was elected Member of Parliament for Bath in 1979. He was appointed Secretary of State for the Environment by Margaret Thatcher in 1989 as part of her third ministry, becoming responsible for implementation of the unpopular poll tax. On John Major's succession as Prime Minister in 1990, Patten became Chairman of the Conservative Party and Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. As party chairman, he successfully orchestrated a surprise Conservative electoral victory in 1992, but lost his own seat. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Chuka Umunna

Chuka Harrison Umunna // (/ˈtʃʊkə əˈmuːnə/; born 17 October 1978) is a British businessman and former politician who served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Streatham from 2010 until 2019. A former member of the Labour Party, he was part of the Shadow Cabinet from 2011 to 2015. He left Labour in February 2019, when he resigned to form The Independent Group, later Change UK, along with six other MPs. Later in 2019, he left Change UK and, after a short time as an independent MP, joined the Liberal Democrats. In the 2019 general election, he was unsuccessful in being re-elected as an MP and did not return to the House of Commons. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Clive Lewis

Clive Anthony Lewis (born 11 September 1971) is a British Labour politician who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Norwich South since winning the seat at the 2015 general election. Lewis was a candidate for Leader of the Labour Party in the 2020 leadership election. He is a member of the Socialist Campaign Group parliamentary caucus. He previously served as vice-president of the National Union of Students, worked as a TV reporter for BBC News and served as an infantry officer with the Territorial Army. Lewis also served a three-month tour of duty in Afghanistan in 2009. He became shadow defence secretary in June 2016, and shadow business secretary in October 2016. Lewis left the Shadow Cabinet in 2017 in protest over the Labour Party's decision to whip its MPs into voting to trigger Article 50, but re-joined the front bench a year later as shadow minister for sustainable economics. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Daisy Cooper

Daisy Cooper (born 29 October 1981) is a British Liberal Democrat politician who has served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for St Albans since 2019. She has served as the Deputy Leader of the Liberal Democrats since 2020, and as the Liberal Democrat spokesperson for Health, Wellbeing and Social Care since 2021. Cooper was previously the Liberal Democrat spokesperson for Education from September 2020 to October 2021, and the spokesperson for Justice and Digital, Culture, Media and Sport from January 2020 to September 2020. Cooper was born in 1981 in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk. She gained a Bachelor of Laws honours degree from Leeds University and a Master of Laws degree in public international law from Nottingham University, as well as a foundation certificate in psychotherapy and counselling. Before becoming an MP, Cooper worked in Commonwealth affairs, for Voluntary Service Overseas, for the Hacked Off campaign for victims of press abuse, and for the cross-party group More United. She took part in the 'Save the St Albans Pubs' campaign. She also runs a local independent campaign group for rail users. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Damian Collins

Damian Noel Thomas Collins OBE (born 4 February 1974) is a British Conservative Party politician who formerly served as a junior Minister for Tech and the Digital Economy in the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport between July and October 2022. He has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Folkestone and Hythe since the 2010 general election. From 2016 to 2019, Collins was chair of the House of Commons Digital, Culture, Media and Sport Select Committee. In 2021, Collins chaired the UK Parliament Joint Committee on the Draft Online Safety Bill. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Damian Green

Damian Howard Green (born 17 January 1956) is a British politician who served as First Secretary of State and Minister for the Cabinet Office from June to December 2017 in the Second May government. A member of the Conservative Party, he has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Ashford since 1997. Green was born in Barry, Vale of Glamorgan, Wales and studied philosophy, politics and economics at Balliol College, Oxford. He is married to the barrister Alicia Collinson who was a contemporary of Theresa May at St Hugh's College, Oxford. After working as a journalist for the BBC, Channel 4 and The Times, he entered Parliament at the 1997 election by winning the seat of Ashford in Kent. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

Dan Jarvis

Daniel Owen Woolgar Jarvis MBE (born 30 November 1972) is a British politician and former Army officer who has served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Barnsley Central since 2011. A member of the Labour and Co-operative parties, he was Mayor of South Yorkshire, formerly Sheffield City Region, from 2018 to 2022. Jarvis served as a member of the Parachute Regiment from 1997 to 2011. Daniel Owen Woolgar Jarvis was born in Nottingham on 30 November 1972, the son of a lecturer at a teacher-training college and a probation officer, both Labour Party members. He attended Lady Bay Primary School and then went on to study at Rushcliffe School. He studied international politics at what was then the University of Wales, Aberystwyth. He graduated in 1996, with a Bachelor of Arts degree in international politics and strategic studies. He graduated with an MA in conflict, security and development from King's College, London, in 2011. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)

David Blunkett

David Blunkett, Baron Blunkett, PC (born 6 June 1947) is a British Labour Party politician who has been a Member of the House of Lords since 2015, and previously served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Sheffield Brightside and Hillsborough from 1987 to 2015, when he stood down. Blind since birth, and coming from a poor family in one of Sheffield's most deprived districts, he rose to become Education and Employment Secretary, Home Secretary and Work and Pensions Secretary in Tony Blair's Cabinet following Labour's victory in the 1997 general election. (Source: Wikipedia.org, CC BY-SA)